ICT Class Ninth Meeting

Banking Applications, Expert System and Library System

A. BANKING APPLICATIONS

1. Automated Telller Machines (ATMs) 

Customers can take their money, transfer or top up their phones using ATMs. This summarizes the process taking part in the ATMs

• As a customer puts his/her debit or credit card inside the machine, a contact is made to the bank's computer. 
• The customer then enters the PIN using the keypad. The PIN will be checked if it is correct and the card will also be checked if it is valid. 
• The customer will then select the cash option and the amount of cash will also be selected. 
• The customer's account is checked if the card has sufficient amount of cash to be taken and if the customer is crossing the limit of daily withdraw. 
• The customer is asked if they want a receipt. 
• The card is returned and the transaction is done. 
• The money is now dispensed and the amount of money taken will be updated.

2. Internet Banking

3. Chip and PIN 

Credit cards are mostly  equipped with a magnetic strip which contains the data. Below is the process taking on when a customer pays for a meal in a restaurant using a chip and PIN card. 

• The customer will give the waiter his/her chip and PIN card to the waiter which will be inserted inside the chip and PIN by the waiter.
• The card is checked if it is valid.
• The transaction will be terminated if the card is invalid.
• PIN is entered by the customer and if the PIN is correct, transaction will be continued.
• The transaction can be proceeded again if the card has enough funds.
• It will then be authorized and the authorization code will be sent to the restaurant.
• The price of the mean will be reduced from the bank account of the customer and the same amount of money will be given to the restaurant. 
• A receipt is printed as a proof of the purchase.

B. LIBRARY SYSTEM

• As technology is developed, libraries are now controlled using computer. This usually involve the use of barcodes in the borrower's card and in the book too. 
• There are 2 types of files stored in most libraries:
  
• Borrower's files
• Borrower's names
• Borrower's details
• Borrower's number
• Barcode of the book borrowed
• Book's files
• Barcode
• Book title
• Name of author
• Date of published
• Number of books
• Date due back
• The process taking place during book borrowing is: 
• The barcode of the book borrowed is scanned
• The books details will then be found in the book's files
• The borrower's barcode will also be scanned 
• The book files and the borrower's files are linked and updated to indicate which book is borrowed and when is the due date

C. EXPERT SYSTEM

• Expert system is used for:
• diagnosing a person's illness
• diagnostics
• chess games
• tax and financial calculations
• How expert system works:
• The information needed for the expert system is from an expert which is interviewed. 
• Data is then collected from them
• Knowledge base is then created
• Rules base is designed and created too
• An inference engine is also designed and created
• The input screen and output format are also designed and created
• The expert system is tested against known conditions and scenarios.
• It is also checked to see if it meets the original specification.
• Experts are interviewed about how effective it is before the expert system goes out on general release.
• Advantages: 
• Consistent answers
• Not time consuming
• Saving money because they do not have to pay for a skilled person
• Disadvantages: 
• Lack common sense
• Errors in knowledge base will lead to wrong decision making
• Expensive to set in the first time